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 Residents in Ciudad Bolívar and surrounding areas rely on these springs. Mining jeopardises their water security and health by increasing noise, dust, and heavy vehicle traffic. (Wilson,2023) The escarpment is home to important wildlife, including endangered birds, armadillos, and small wild cats, which risk losing their habitat. (Wilson,2023) Local groups such as Gualivá sin Minería have organised community resistance by challenging the legitimacy of mining licenses and fight to protect both water sources and forests. (Wilson,2023) This conflict reflects a larger pattern of social-environmental struggles in the outskirts of Bogotá.
- In areas like Usme, near Ciudad Bolívar, long-term residents, many of whom settled without formal permission, have resisted urban expansion and extraction activities to defend their independence and green spaces. (Salcedo, 2013) Their activism shows how the urban-rural border of Bogotá interacts with delicate [[18|páramo systems]], highlighting threats to essential water ecosystems. (Salcedo, 2013) Moreover, participatory research in northern Bogotá, particularly in Usaquén, reveals environmental conflicts caused by sand quarry operations within the city. (Guzmán et al., 2024) Through community workshops, mapping, and interviews, local residents, including young people, documented problems like landscape degradation, loss of green spaces, erosion, and respiratory health effects. (Guzmán et al., 2024) The study stressed that decision-making needs to include local input and tackle unequal power dynamics. (Guzmán et al., 2024)
+In areas like Usme, near Ciudad Bolívar, long-term residents, many of whom settled without formal permission, have resisted urban expansion and extraction activities to defend their independence and green spaces. (Salcedo, 2013) Their activism shows how the urban-rural border of Bogotá interacts with delicate [[18|páramo systems]], highlighting threats to essential water ecosystems. (Salcedo, 2013) Moreover, participatory research in northern Bogotá, particularly in Usaquén, reveals environmental conflicts caused by sand quarry operations within the city. (Guzmán et al., 2024) Through community workshops, mapping, and interviews, local residents, including young people, documented problems like landscape degradation, loss of green spaces, erosion, and respiratory health effects. (Guzmán et al., 2024) The study stressed that decision-making needs to include local input and tackle unequal power dynamics. (Guzmán et al., 2024)
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